What aspect of Lilliputian politics is primarily criticized in Gulliver's Travels?

The primary criticism of Lilliputian politics in "Gulliver's Travels" lies in their petty rivalries and absurdity. Jonathan Swift uses the miniature size of the Lilliputians and their trivial disputes to satirize the nature of political conflicts in his own society. The constant bickering over inconsequential matters, such as the size of the heels on their shoes or the right way to break an egg, serves to highlight the ridiculousness of political ambition and the often irrational basis of governance. This portrayal encourages readers to reflect on the serious implications of such frivolous behavior in real-world politics, suggesting that leaders become so entangled in trivial matters that they neglect more important issues impacting their society.

In contrast, the other options—focusing on education, military strategies, and agricultural practices—while they may play a role in the broader context of the Lilliputian society, they do not serve as the central critique that Swift aims to convey. The absurdity and pettiness of their political rivalries effectively capture the essence of the satire Swift employs throughout the text.