Which facet of society do the Lilliputians value most in the context of their politics?

The Lilliputians place a high value on military power within the context of their politics due to their small size and the constant threats they face from other nations, notably their rival, Blefuscu. In "Gulliver's Travels," the emphasis on military prowess reflects their need to defend themselves and assert their dominance despite being physically diminutive. The Lilliputians engage in elaborate military maneuvers and strategies, underscoring their belief that a strong military is essential for national security and political integrity.

In addition, the significance of military power in Lilliputian society is intertwined with their social structure, where the ability to serve and succeed in military endeavors can elevate one’s status. Their political conflicts and eventual resolutions often revolve around military capabilities, illustrating that in their worldview, martial strength is a pivotal measure of a nation's worth and influence.

This focus contrasts with the other aspects of society mentioned. While diplomatic relations are certainly part of Lilliputian politics, they are often secondary to military engagements. Religious beliefs and social customs also hold importance but do not drive political decisions to the same extent as military concerns, given the context of their interactions with rival nations and internal governance.